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Mikrotik » Historique » Version 138

Laurent GUERBY, 17/05/2015 09:08

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{{>toc}}
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h1. Mikrotik
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RouterOS
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/MikroTik_RouterOS
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:TOC
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Webfig
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http://www.mikrotik.com/download.html
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Upgrading_RouterOS
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Supported_Hardware
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Password_reset
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:PoE-Out
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h2. Boitiers
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* Nice box : http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?p=297825#p297825
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* http://www.mikrotik.com/mfm
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* http://www.aerial.net/shop/product_info.php?products_id=1085
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* http://www.stationbox.info/
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* Boîtiers Rexel très chers
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* http://www.technic-achat.com/coffret-electrique-ip66-imo,fr,4,144T_XX.cfm (144T0010)
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* http://www.interprojekt.com.pl/gold-alubox-outdoor-waterproof-case-p-472.html
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* http://www.materielelectrique.com/coffret-polyester-marina-ip66-ik10-7035-300x220x160-p-6579.html
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h2. Montage
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* http://shop.varia-store.com/product_info.php?info=p1390_RF-Elements-EasyBracket---EasyBracket-Universal.html
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h2. PoE
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* http://www.i4wifi.eu/en/EU-230V-powering/PoE-convertor-48-V-24-V-802-3af-at.html
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h2. Password
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From: 	Le Net du Kermeur
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Utilitaire mtpass, ça se trouve là : http://manio.skyboo.net/mikrotik/
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Ca se compile sous g++, donc sur n'importe quel Linux ou *BSD.
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Testé sous OpenBSD, il fait le boulot.
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h2. RB433L and RB433UAHL
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h3. NPK
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http://routing.explode.gr/node/96
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https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=32320&p=3
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https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?pid=165526#p165526
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https://github.com/lqez/npk
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Easy install of OpenWrt on MikroTik's devices https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=39171
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http://wp.ayufan.eu/2013/02/the-rb951g-and-openwrt/
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h3. Misc
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TODO
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http://i.mt.lv/routerboard/files/rb433L-series-qg_1377089307.pdf
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?t=65977&p=336057
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RF antenna and close miniPCI ?
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h3. Power Consuption
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<pre>
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eth1 = PoE        192.168.88.101/24
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eth2 = milieu     192.168.102.1/24
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eth3 = oppose PoE 192.168.103.1/24
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wlan1 = minipci du bas 172.31.31.43/24
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http://dslrouter.sourceforge.net/stuff/mikrotik/mikrotik/AirMax5_and_Mikrotik_Router_Board_Connection_Guide_revised.pdf
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netboot 
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rb750up http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=57943&start=50
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USB RB750UP http://patchwork.openwrt.org/patch/3252/
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb750
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http://blog.poettner.de/2011/05/27/openwrt-trunk-on-mikrotik-routerboard-411750/
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Netinstall
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http://routerboard.com/pricelist/download_file.php?file_id=118
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http://www.gowifi.co.nz/userguides/perform-a-netinstall.pdf
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=66093
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reset longer than 20 seconds
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https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=41490
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RB433L
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idle 108 mA 12V 
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+1 eth 130mA 173 mA max au boot
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RB433L + ethernet branché RouterOS 5.11
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conso identique RouterOS 5.26
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RouterOS 6.6 ?
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Volt    mA  mW
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(*  5.0 259)1295.0
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(*  6.0 227)1362.0
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(*  7.0 200)1400.0
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(*  8.0 180)1440.0
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(*  8.5 175)1487.5
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(*  9.0 165)1485.0
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(*  9.5 160)1520.0
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(* 10.0 152)1520.0
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(* 11.0 142)1562.0
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(* 11.5 138)1587.0
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(* 12.0 132)1584.0 152 pendant file upload  firmware (* 12.0 152)1824.0
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(* 12.5 129)1612.5
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(* 13.0 125)1625.0
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(* 14.0 119)1666.0
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(* 15.0 112)1680.0
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(* 18.0  99)1782.0
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(* 21.0  90)1890.0
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(* 24.0  83)1992.0
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(* 26.0  79)2054.0
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(* 27.0  77)2079.0
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RB433L sans ethernet
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   V    mA  mW
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4.0 off
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(*  5.0 206)1030.0
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(*  6.0 181)1086.0
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(*  7.0 162)1134.0
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(*  8.0 146)1168.0
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(*  9.0 133)1197.0
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(* 10.0 124)1240.0
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(* 11.0 116)1276.0
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(* 12.0 110)1320.0
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(* 13.0 104)1352.0
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(* 14.0  99)1386.0
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(* 15.0  94)1410.0
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diff ethernet pas ethernet constant en watt sur la plage de 265 mW a 260 mW
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eth+ R52n-M  5180 AP-bridge 17dBm = 50 mW
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(* 12.0 165)1980.0
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vs (* 12.0 132)1584.0
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0 dBm = 1 mW ou 7 dBm
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conso inchangee
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(* 12.0 163)1956.0
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163-166
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tout en bridge cote RB433L 7 dBm = 5 mW avec iperf 100M UDP
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175-180
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(* 12.0 (- 180 163))204.0 mW
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serial http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=76194
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb433
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Password_reset
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/MikroTik_Password_Recovery
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http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/ath9k/devices
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WLM200NX dual band
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http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/ath5k
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R52n-M
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R52Hn
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http://download2.mikrotik.com/routeros/5.26/routeros-mipsbe-5.26.npk
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http://download2.mikrotik.com/routeros/6.6/routeros-mipsbe-6.6.npk
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Netinstall
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</pre>
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!conso-rb433l.png!
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h2. RB433 and RB433UAH and RB435G
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h3. Links
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http://routerboard.com/RB433
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http://routerboard.com/RB433UAH
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http://routerboard.com/RB435G
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb435
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb433
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h3. Power Consumption
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<pre>
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RB433 MikroTik RouterOS 5.24
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V    mA avec 1 eth
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24.0 123 (* 24 0.123)2.952  (112 sans eth diff 0.264W)
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16.0 149 (* 16 0.149)2.384
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13.9 162 (* 13.9 0.162)2.2518  (142 sans eth diff 0.278W)
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12.0 178 (* 12.0 0.178)2.136
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10.0     207 (* 10.0 0.207)2.07
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 8.0     250 (*  8.0 0.250)2.0
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en dessous de 8 V : coupure
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RB433UAH MikroTik RouterOS 5.24
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avec 1 eth
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24.0 189 (* 24 0.189)4.536
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12.0 249 (* 12 0.249)2.988
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 8.0 366 (* 8  0.327)2.616 292 sans eth
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RB435G MikroTik RouterOS 5.24
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avec 1 eth
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24.0 117 (* 24.0 0.117)2.808 112 sans eth (* 0.005 24)0.12
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12.0 187 (* 12.0 0.187)2.244
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10.0 216 (* 10.0 0.216)2.16
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 8.0 261 (*  8.0 0.261)2.088 255 sans eth (* 0.006 8.0)0.048
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 7.0 303 (*  7.0 0.303)2.121
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8.0
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[admin@MikroTik] > system health print
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     fan-mode: auto
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      use-fan: main
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   active-fan: none
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      current: 172mA
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  temperature: 20C
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12.0
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[admin@MikroTik] > system health print
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           fan-mode: auto
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            use-fan: main
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         active-fan: none
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            voltage: 11.3V
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            current: 108mA => 192
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        temperature: 20C
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  power-consumption: 1.2W
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24.0
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[admin@MikroTik] > system health print
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           fan-mode: auto
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            use-fan: main
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         active-fan: none
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            voltage: 24V
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            current: 50mA => 119
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        temperature: 20C
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  power-consumption: 1.2W
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</pre>
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h2. RB750UP
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http://routerboard.com/RB750UP
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http://blog.lekermeur.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Printemps2012_RB750.pdf
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Attention : problèmes lors que le RB750UP est alimenté en PoE : http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=57943
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> we are working on new FW that would add useful features that are currently missing. One of them is reworked power management.
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Voltage : http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=58124
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> limit on power out port is 500mA regardless of output voltage. so at 12V you will be able to power only MAX 6W device. while at 30V 15W.
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> If you power RB570UP with PoE 24V adapter over 100m cable, then resulting output voltage at full load (all 4 ports giving out 500mA totaling to 2A) then voltage to powered ports at RB750UP end will be around 21V then losses on cable and protections you end up with around 19V at the end device. and cables stretching for 200m from PSU brick.
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> PoE in port has no input limitation only output is limited to 500mA and with 4 prots it is 2A
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Upgrade to 5.20
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<pre>
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/ip arp print
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# print MAC IP
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/interface bridge host print
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# print MAC
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/interface ethernet switch host print
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# print MAC-port table
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/interface ethernet set ether5 poe-out=forced-on
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# force PoE
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/interface ethernet poe set ether2-master-local poe-priority=5
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# lower number = highest priority
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/interface ethernet poe pr   
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# print prio settings
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/interface ethernet poe monitor [find]
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# monitor watt and voltage
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system identity set name=totoRB750UP
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# hostname
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system resource print 
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                   uptime: 3h54m51s
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                  version: 5.26
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              free-memory: 19124KiB
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             total-memory: 29696KiB
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                      cpu: MIPS 24Kc V7.4
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                cpu-count: 1
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            cpu-frequency: 400MHz
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                 cpu-load: 0%
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           free-hdd-space: 90528KiB
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          total-hdd-space: 126976KiB
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  write-sect-since-reboot: 157
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         write-sect-total: 31910
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               bad-blocks: 0%
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        architecture-name: mipsbe
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               board-name: RB750UP
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                 platform: MikroTik
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</pre>
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik] /interface ethernet poe settings> upgrade
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Do you really want to upgrade PoE firmware? [y/n] 
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y
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Please reboot to finish PoE firmware upgrade.
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[admin@MikroTik] /interface ethernet poe settings> pr
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                   version: 2.0
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  ether1-poe-in-long-cable: no
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[admin@MikroTik] /interface ethernet poe> monitor [find]
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               name: ether2-master-local ether3-slave-local ether4-slave-local ether5-slave-local
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    poe-out-voltage:                                                           23.5V
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    poe-out-current:                                                           160mA
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      poe-out-power:                                                           3.7W
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</pre>
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* http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Upgrading_RouterOS
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* To update firmware (latest RouterOS 5.12):
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* Files / upload choose file : routeros-mipsbe-5.12.npk (12MB)
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* Attendre la fin de upload
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* System / Packages / IPv6 schedule for update
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* System / Reboot
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* about 90 seconds. Note: PoE will be cut during the reboot
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chiwa admin VLAN 3175
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192.168.3.20
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telnet login admin pass (vide)
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web
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<pre>
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[admin@rb750up-chiwawa] > interface ethernet print                                                                 
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Flags: X - disabled, R - running, S - slave 
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 #    NAME                               MTU MAC-ADDRESS       ARP        MASTER-PORT                            SWITCH                           
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 0    ether1-gateway                    1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8A enabled   
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 1 R  ;;; To chiwa's router *** NO POE ***
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      ether2-master-local               1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8B enabled    none                                   switch1                          
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 2 RS ;;; to Vince' NS5M -  To Myrys
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      ether3-slave-local                1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8C enabled    ether2-master-local                    switch1                          
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 3 RS ;;; to NS5M east - To CDRX
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      ether4-slave-local                1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8D enabled    ether2-master-local                    switch1                          
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 4 RS ;;; to beaconing NS5M (port balcon.3)
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      ether5-slave-local                1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8E enabled    ether2-master-local                    switch1         
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</pre>
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RouterOS v2
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:PoE-Out#RouterOS_2   
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:PoE-Out#Changes_between_1.x_and_2.0_PoE-Out_controller_firmware
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik] > interface ethernet poe monitor [find]
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              name: ether2 ether3 ether4 ether5
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   poe-out-voltage: 23.2V  23.2V  23.2V  
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   poe-out-current: 224mA  116mA  64mA   
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     poe-out-power: 5.1W   2.6W   1.4W 
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</pre>
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/PoE-Out
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/interface ethernet set ether2 poe-out=on
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/interface ethernet set ether2 poe-out=off
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/interface ethernet set ether2 poe-out=auto
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Note:
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<obinou> Le poe-out, il faut le mettre à "on" , et pas à "auto".
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<obinou> sans ça, j'ai l'impression que le RB fait un power-cycle si il détecte une perte de link
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<obinou> or, quand la NSM5 démarre, entre le bootloader & le firmware ca perd le link
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<obinou> conclusion: reboot en boucle.
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Note:
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Après essais il est préférable d'éviter le 12V: Si au départ ça semble marcher, les pics de courants
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dépassent parfois la limite autorisé par port de 500mA, et le port se coupe immédiatement.
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Le 24V n'a pas montré ce souci.
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Note 2: 
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Dans les derniers firmwares Microtik, l'option "poe-out" prend comme option "auto", "forced-on", ou "forced-off".
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=49976&sid=40ea9661791968a896ab35214dc18f15&start=50
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=57608
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik-Ouin] > /interface ethernet print detail            
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Flags: X - disabled, R - running, S - slave 
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 0 R  name="ether1-gateway" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1600 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D5 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps 
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 1    name="ether2-master-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D6 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=auto 
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 2    name="ether3-slave-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D7 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=auto 
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 3 R  name="ether4-slave-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D8 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=on 
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 4 R  name="ether5-slave-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D9 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=on 
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</pre>
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik-Ouin] > sys resource pr
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                   uptime: 6m6s
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                  version: 5.12
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              free-memory: 17880KiB
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             total-memory: 29708KiB
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                      cpu: MIPS 24Kc V7.4
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                cpu-count: 1
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            cpu-frequency: 400MHz
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                 cpu-load: 0%
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           free-hdd-space: 30844KiB
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          total-hdd-space: 61440KiB
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  write-sect-since-reboot: 214
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         write-sect-total: 96113
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               bad-blocks: 0%
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        architecture-name: mipsbe
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               board-name: RB750UP
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                 platform: MikroTik
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</pre>
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h3. NTP
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<pre>
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/system ntp client set primary-ntp=172.31.31.254 enabled=yes
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</pre>
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h3. rsyslog
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http://randomtweaks.blogspot.fr/2013/03/mikrotik-remote-logging-using-ubuntu.html
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<pre>
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/system log action set 3 remote=172.31.31.252
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/system log add action=remote disabled=no
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</pre>
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h3. Bridging sur le 750UP
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Le RB750UP est conçu dans l'idée d'en faire un CPE multi-antennes. Par défaut, le port 1 (POE-in ou LAN) n'est pas bridgé sur le switch des 4 ports POE-out, on s'en sert plutôt en mode routé.
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Pour l'utiliser comme un simple switch et non comme un routeur il suffit de créer un bridge entre les interfaces :
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445 17 Jérôme Nicolle
<pre>
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interface bridge add name=bridge1 
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interface bridge port add bridge=bridge1 interface=ether1-gateway 
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interface bridge port add bridge=bridge1 interface=ether2-master-local 
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</pre>
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<pre>
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ip address print
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ip address add address=172.31.31.24/24 interface=bridge1
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ip address print
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ip address remove 0
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</pre>
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h3. DHCP sur le 750UP
460 22 Julien Aubé
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Note: Attention, un serveur DHCP est actif par défaut sur les ports 2 à 5. Il faut le désactiver
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pour passer en mode switch.
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<pre>
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ip dhcp-server print
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ip dhcp-server remove 0
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ip dhcp-client print
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ip dhcp-client remove 0
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</pre>
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472 124 Laurent GUERBY
h3. Routing sur le 750UP
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474 37 Laurent GUERBY
<pre>
475 17 Jérôme Nicolle
ip route add dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=172.16.0.254
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</pre>
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h3. RB750UP en mode BOX pour les nanostation
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Connection to the routerboard
482 36 Mehdi Abaakouk
483 36 Mehdi Abaakouk
<pre>
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ssh admin@192.168.88.1
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</pre>
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487 36 Mehdi Abaakouk
Reset the RouterBoard :
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<pre>
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$ setup 
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$ r
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$ y
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</pre>
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494 1 Laurent GUERBY
Le routerboard reboot et on se reconnect
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Configuration du WAN
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498 1 Laurent GUERBY
<pre>
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$ ip address add address=91.224.149.194/24 interface=ether1-gateway
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$ ip route add gateway=91.224.149.254
501 36 Mehdi Abaakouk
$ ip address print 
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$ ip route print 
503 36 Mehdi Abaakouk
</pre>
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h2. RB250GS
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VLAN http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/SwOS/Router-On-A-Stick
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Doc http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/SwOS
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vlan limitation mikrotik rb250gs http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=45721
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Routeur, switch, VLAN et multi-modems (via rb250gs) http://doc.rhizome-fai.net/doku.php?id=technique:routeur:vlan
511 130 Vross .
512 130 Vross .
h2. CRS226
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VLAN
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:CRS_features
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:CRS_examples
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Switch_Chip_Features#Example_-_802.1Q_Trunking_with_Atheros_switch_chip_in_RouterOS_v6
519 132 Vross .
520 132 Vross .
h3. Renommer les interfaces, changer les ports maîtres/esclaves
521 133 Vross .
522 132 Vross .
Par défaut, les interfaces ont des noms comme "ether1-master-local", "ether4-slave-local", "ether8-slave-local" parce que le port 1 est un "master" et les autre des "slaves" (plus d'info : http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Switch_Chip_Features#Port_Switching ). Comme ça risque de changer, on renomme tout ça :
523 1 Laurent GUERBY
524 133 Vross .
<pre>/interface set ether1-master-local name=ether1;
525 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether2-slave-local master-port=none;
526 133 Vross .
/interface set ether2-slave-local name=ether2;
527 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether3-slave-local master-port=none;
528 133 Vross .
/interface set ether3-slave-local name=ether3;
529 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether4-slave-local master-port=none;
530 133 Vross .
/interface set ether4-slave-local name=ether4;
531 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether5-slave-local master-port=none;
532 133 Vross .
/interface set ether5-slave-local name=ether5;
533 133 Vross .
[...]
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</pre>
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536 1 Laurent GUERBY
Se placer dans le menu des interfaces ethernet et définir un master port (ici ether2) pour les interfaces :
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<pre>/interface ethernet
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set ether3 master-port=ether2
539 133 Vross .
set ether4 master-port=ether2
540 133 Vross .
set ether5 master-port=ether2
541 133 Vross .
set ether6 master-port=ether2
542 133 Vross .
set ether7 master-port=ether2
543 133 Vross .
set ether8 master-port=ether2
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</pre>
545 132 Vross .
546 132 Vross .
Pour voir le résultat, on peut utiliser la commande "print".
547 132 Vross .
548 132 Vross .
h3. VLAN par ports
549 134 Vross .
550 132 Vross .
Créer des VLAN :
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*    VLAN 200 : ether3, 4, et 8
552 133 Vross .
*    VLAN 300 : ether5, 6, et 8
553 133 Vross .
*    VLAN 400 : ether7, et 8
554 132 Vross .
555 132 Vross .
Access port
556 132 Vross .
Si du traffic arrive "untagged" (customer-vid=0), on lui assigne un VLAN ID en fonction du port sur lequel il arrive :
557 133 Vross .
<pre>/interface ethernet switch ingress-vlan-translation
558 133 Vross .
add ports=ether3,ether4,ether8 customer-vid=0 new-customer-vid=200
559 133 Vross .
add ports=ether5,ether6,ether8 customer-vid=0 new-customer-vid=300
560 133 Vross .
add ports=ether7,ether8 customer-vid=0 new-customer-vid=400
561 133 Vross .
</pre>
562 132 Vross .
563 132 Vross .
Trunk port
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port ether2 ici :
565 134 Vross .
<pre>/interface ethernet switch egress-vlan-tag
566 134 Vross .
add tagged-ports=ether2 vlan-id=200
567 134 Vross .
add tagged-ports=ether2 vlan-id=300
568 134 Vross .
add tagged-ports=ether2 vlan-id=400
569 134 Vross .
</pre>
570 1 Laurent GUERBY
571 132 Vross .
VLAN
572 134 Vross .
<pre>/interface ethernet switch vlan
573 132 Vross .
add ports=ether2,ether3,ether4,ether8 vlan-id=200
574 132 Vross .
add ports=ether2,ether5,ether6,ether8 vlan-id=300
575 132 Vross .
add ports=ether2,ether7,ether8 vlan-id=400
576 134 Vross .
</pre>
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578 138 Laurent GUERBY
h3. MAC
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<pre>
581 138 Laurent GUERBY
/interface ethernet switch unicast-fdb print
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</pre>